open society/closed society

open society/closed society
Contrast made famous in the works of Popper, particularly The Open Society and its Enemies (1945). Open societies are those in which the actions of individuals can be freely assessed and monitored, and subjected to criticism in liberal and democratic debate. They thus change by ‘piecemeal social engineering’. In a closed society these normal processes of change are replaced by the inefficient command structures of totalitarian government.

Philosophy dictionary. . 2011.

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