paradox

paradox
A paradox arises when a set of apparently incontrovertible premises gives unacceptable or contradictory conclusions. To solve a paradox will involve either showing that there is a hidden flaw in the premises, or that the reasoning is erroneous, or that the apparently unacceptable conclusion can, in fact, be tolerated. Paradoxes are therefore important in philosophy, for until one is solved it shows that there is something about our reasonings and our concepts that we do not understand. Famous families of paradoxes include the semantic paradoxes and Zeno's paradoxes . At the beginning of the 20th century, Russell's paradox and other set-theoretic paradoxes led to the complete overhaul of the foundations of set theory, whilst the Sorites paradox has led to the investigation of the semantics of vagueness, and fuzzy logics.

Philosophy dictionary. . 2011.

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Synonyms:
(as appears at first sight, yet not so in fact),


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  • paradox — par a*dox (p[a^]r [.a]*d[o^]ks), n.; pl. {paradoxes} (p[a^]r [.a]*d[o^]ks*[e^]z). [F. paradoxe, L. paradoxum, fr. Gr. para doxon; para beside, beyond, contrary to + dokei^n to think, suppose, imagine. See {Para }, and {Dogma}.] A tenet or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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  • paradox — Adj seltsam, widersprüchlich erw. fremd. Erkennbar fremd (17. Jh.) Entlehnung. Entlehnt aus l. paradoxos, dieses aus gr. parádoxos, zu gr. dóxa Meinung und gr. para , also gegen die Meinung . Substantivierung: Paradox; Abstraktum: Paradoxie,… …   Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache

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  • Paradóx — (grch.), von der allgemeinen Meinung abweichend, sonderbar, auffallend; Paradóxon, seltsame Behauptung oder Meinung; Paradoxīe, Sonderbarkeit in Meinungen …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

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